Docker安装、配置，Docker常用工具

安装 Docker

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh

安装 Docker

使用官方脚本安装 推荐

$ curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
$ sudo sh get-docker.sh

手动安装

• ubuntu 安装 docker
• centos 安装 docker

Ubuntu

# https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
# To install Docker CE, you need the 64-bit version of one of these Ubuntu versions:
#   - Bionic 18.04 (LTS)
#   - Xenial 16.04 (LTS)
#   - Trusty 14.04 (LTS)

# 卸载旧版
$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

# 安装新版
# 1.安装依赖
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common

# 2.Add Docker’s official GPG key:
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# Verify that you now have the key with the fingerprint 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88, by searching for the last 8 characters of the fingerprint.
$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

# 3.配置源
$ sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"

# 4.安装 docker-ce
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

# 5.测试 hello-world
$ sudo docker run hello-world

CentOS(>= centos7)

# https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/
# To install Docker CE, you need a maintained version of CentOS 7.
# (需要 centos 7 以上)

# 卸载旧版
$ sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

# 安装新版
# 1.安装依赖
$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils \
  device-mapper-persistent-data \
  lvm2

# 2.配置源
$ sudo yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 3.安装 docker-ce
$ sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

# 4.启动 docker
$ sudo systemctl start docker

# 5.测试 hello-world
$ sudo docker run hello-world

配置镜像加速器

针对 Docker 客户端版本大于 1.10.0 的用户
您可以通过修改 daemon 配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json 来使用加速器

$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
$ sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://<自己阿里云账号里的镜像地址>.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
    "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
  ]
}
EOF
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl restart docker

DaoCloud 镜像站 https://www.daocloud.io/mirror#accelerator-doc

安装 docker-compose 不推荐, 推荐用 docker compose 代替

Linux Server

# 手动下载安装
$ sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.27.4/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
$ docker-compose --version

# 通过包管理安装
## Ubuntu
$ sudo apt install -y docker-compose

# 验证安装
$ docker-compose --version

安装 docker compose 推荐

docker compose 子命令, 用法和 docker-compose 相同

Linux Server

# 通过包管理安装
## Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install docker-compose-plugin

# 验证安装
$ docker compose version

Linux Desktop

# `Docker Desktop for Linux` 已经自带 `docker compose` 子命令,

Mac

# `Docker Desktop for Mac` 已经自带 `docker compose` 子命令,

Windows

# `Docker Desktop for Windows` 已经自带 `docker compose` 子命令,

安装 portainer

docker

# 最新版 portainer
# http 端口: 9000
# https 端口: 9443
# tcp 端口: 8000
docker run -d \
    -p 29000:9000 \
    -p 28000:8000 \
    -p 29443:9443 \
    -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    -v /data/docker/portainer:/data \
    --restart always \
    --name portainer \
    portainer/portainer-ce:alpine

# 使用自定义卷 portainer_data
docker volume create portainer_data
docker run -d \
    -p 29000:9000 \
    -p 28000:8000 \
    -p 29443:9443 \
    -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    -v portainer_data:/data \
    --restart always \
    --name portainer \
    portainer/portainer-ce:alpine

docker-compose

docker-compose.yml

version: "3.8"

services:
  portainer:
    image: portainer/portainer-ce:2.14.2-alpine
    container_name: portainer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "28000:8000" # 可选的
      - "29000:9000" # http, http://localhost:29000
      - "29443:9443" # https, https://localhost:29443
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - $PWD/data:/data # 使用 docker-compose.yml 同目录下的 data 文件夹作为 portainer 的数据目录

version: "3.8"

services:
  portainer:
    image: portainer/portainer-ce:2.14.2-alpine
    container_name: portainer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "28000:8000" # 可选的
      - "29000:9000" # http, http://localhost:29000
      - "29443:9443" # https, https://localhost:29443
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - portainer_data:/data # 使用自定义卷 portainer_data

ctop

ctop provides a concise and condensed overview of real-time metrics for multiple containers:

ctop

Debian/Ubuntu

echo "deb http://packages.azlux.fr/debian/ buster main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/azlux.list
wget -qO - https://azlux.fr/repo.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ctop

Linux(通用)

sudo wget https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-linux-amd64 -O /usr/local/bin/ctop
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/ctop

Mac

brew install ctop

或者

sudo port install ctop

或者

sudo curl -Lo /usr/local/bin/ctop https://github.com/bcicen/ctop/releases/download/v0.7.7/ctop-0.7.7-darwin-amd64
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/ctop

Docker

docker run --rm -ti \
  --name=ctop \
  --volume /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock:ro \
  quay.io/vektorlab/ctop:latest

Docker 相关文档

• docker 命令
• Dockerfile 文件说明
• docker-compose 命令
• docker-compose 文件说明